Climate and Polar Maritime Air Essay

To what extent is the climate of the British Isles a product of the air masses that affect it? Climate is defined as the weather averaged over a 30 year period, with weather being determined by temperature, humidity, wind and precipitation. The climate in the British Isles is described as cool temperate western maritime climate, although there are regional differences in climate across the British Isles; with average temperatures ranging from -0.2 to 20.9 degrees Celsius. The climate of the British Isles is influenced by the movement of five major air masses. However, it is also influenced by other factors, including its topography, ocean currents, latitude, and weather systems. Firstly, it can be argued that air masses play a large part in the overall climate of the British Isles. Air masses are large bodies of air with reasonably uniform temperature, pressure and humidity throughout. There are five main air masses that influence the climate: tropical maritime(TM), polar maritime (PM), tropical continental (TC), polar continental (PC) and arctic maritime (AM). The direction o f the air masses can be seen in the diagram below. Tropical Maritime brings warm moist air from the Atlantic Ocean. This warm air hits areas of high relief in western England and Wales, causing the air to rise, which means clouds form. Areas of high relief in the west of England include Dartmoor and Exmoor. The air is very moist as it is from the ocean, so there is lots of precipitation. This wind is warm, which means that is has a warming affect in the winter, however in the Summer because the land has a lower specific heat capacity, it heats up more than the Atlantic ocean. Therefore it has a cooling affect in summer. Tropical Continental air masses bring hot and dry air in summer. This causes high temperatures with very little precipitation, and is the reason for heat waves in the British Isles. For example the heat wave in July 2013, where temperatures reached 33.5 °C . Polar Maritime air masses bring cold moist winds as they originate from a north westerly direction, over the Atlantic Ocean. This therefore causes very cold wet weather in the British Isles, especially in the westerly parts of the British Isles where there is high relief causing precipitation. Polar Maritime air is dominant over the winter season. Polar Continental air masses originate from high latitudes such as Siberia so therefore bring very cold conditions with them, however as they come from land not ocean, the air masses bring dry conditions. Arctic air  masses originate over the Arctic Ocean where high pressure dominates. The air masses bring extremely cold temperatures, however is only dominant in winter, and sometimes in spring. However this air mass is more likely to affect the climate in Scotland, and northern England, as it has come from a northernly direction. Overall this shows that air masses do play a significant role in the overall climate of the British Isles, however some air masses are more dominant than others in different seasons, and some air masses are dominant in different areas of the British Isles. The climate of the British Isles is also greatly affected by weather systems such as depressions. Mid Latitude depressions are formed over the Atlantic Ocean on the Polar front. They move in an easterly direction across the British Isles. The depressions are low pressure systems that are formed when moist, warm â„ ¢ air meets drier, colder PM air. The warm, moist air is forced upwards, by the colder denser air. The Coriolis effect causes the air to rotate in an anticlockwise direction. The jet stream is also involved as it moves the depression from west to east. The climate associated with depressions is strong winds, clouds and precipitation. However the climate is dependent on which air mass is over the British Isles. Polar maritime air brings average temperatures for the season in winter, around 5 °C-8 °C in January, but cooler temperatures for the summer season, at around 16 °C to 18 °C in July. This air mass also brings lots of precipitation. Tropical maritime air brings humid and mild weather in winter, with temperatures averaging at around 12 °C-14 °C in January. Tropical maritime can also bring thunderstorms , due to the humidity and low pressure. An example of when a depression has greatly affected the British Isles was the Great Storm in 1987. This fast moving depression caused wind speeds of up to 81mph. The British Isles experienced lots of rainfall, and there was even an increase in temperature by 6 °C in places, where the warm front was situated. This shows how depressions can have great impacts on the climate of the British Isles, however this large depression is not common, so does not usually affect the climate. Overall, depressions have a great impact on the climate of the British Isles both in winter and summer, however it can be argued that air masses play an important role in the formation of depressions, so this also shows that air masses indirectly affect the climate. The British  Isles has a latitude between 50 °N and 60 °N. This has a great impact on the climate that it experiences, meaning that the latitude is another factor that will influence the climate of the British Isles. The latitude of an area will affect how much insolation it will receive. This is due to the angle of incidence, which can be see in the diagram below. A larger angle of incidence will mean that the insolation from the sun will only disperse over a small area, whereas a small angle of incidence means the same amount of insolation will be spread over a larger area. At a 30 ° angle, a one wile wide ray of insolation will be dispersed over a two mile radius, whereas an angle of incidence of 90 ° with the same ray of insolation will be dispersed over a one mile radius. Higher latitude have smaller angles of incidence, meaning that they will receive less insolation. Therefore the latitude of the British Isles means that there will be temperate conditions. It is not likely that the British Isles will experience a very hot climate due to the fact that id does not receive enough insolation to heat up the surrounding air and ground. This can be seen if you compare the average yearly temperatures of the British Isles compared to Somalia, which is found at a lower latitude of 2.03 °. The British Isles has an average temperatures ranging from 8.5-11 °C. In contrast Somalia has temperatures around 24-31 °C. This demonstrates how that latitude of an area can greatly impact the temperature, which means it affects the overall climate of the area. This shows that latitude is a factor other than air masses that will impact the climate of the British Isles. Altitude is another factor that influences the climate of the British Isles. On average the air temperature falls by 0.65 °C every 100m rise in altitude. This is due to the fall in pressure as the altitude increases, meaning molecules have less kinetic energy. For example Ben Nevis has a height f 1,344 metres, and has an average annual temperatures of -5 °C, compared to the British Isles which has an average annual temperature of around 8.5-11 °C. This shows that altitude has a direct impact on the temperature of the British Isles, so areas of high altitude in the west of the British Isles, such as Cambrian will have lower temperatures. The altitude of the British Isles will also cause precipitation, as when moist air masses move across areas of high relief, the air masses are forced upwards, where the  cool condense and form clouds. For example in Wales the Cambrian mountains receive over 100mm rainfall per month all year round. This is due to the tropical maritime and polar maritime winds bringing moist air. Overall this shows that altitude can have a large impact on the climate of the British Isles, however air masses are also involved in this, which demonstrates that air masses still play a significant role in the overall climate. Lastly, ocean currents are another factor that have a large impact on the climate of the British Isles. The most significant ocean current is the Gulf Stream, which . Gulf Streams are influenced In conclusion, the climate of the British Isles is a product of air masses so a large extent. Although there are many other factors that also affect the climate, air masses are also involved in these factors, such as the formation of depressions, or the movement of ocean currents. Therefore air masses so also indirectly influence the climate of the British Isles, meaning that they play the most significant role in affecting the climate.

Socio Economic Conditions Of Organic And Inorganic Farmers Environmental Sciences Essay

Organic agriculture is known to successful direction of resources for agribusiness to fulfill the altering human demands while keeping or heightening the quality of environment and conserving natural resources. Hence, organic agriculture is one of the several attacks found to run into the aims of sustainable agribusiness and which is capable of keeping its productiveness and utility to society over the long tally. The educated and higher caste respondents are more cognizant of organic farming strategy so that benefits of organic agriculture are being utilized by the husbandmans who are good off in the society. Furthermore, organic agriculture strategy is more popular among those husbandmans socially and economically more progress in the society and holding big size land retentions. Human communities, no affair how sophisticated, could non disregard the importance of agribusiness. To be far farm reliable beginnings of nutrient was to put on the line malnutrition and famishment hence, the cardinal footing of community is agriculture, cultivated land of the dirt ( Abdul Baha, 1912 ) 1. Agribusiness is one of human sort ‘s most basic activities because all people need to nurture themselves daily. History, civilization and community values are embedded in agribusiness. The rules apply to agriculture in the wide sense, including the manner people tend dirts, H2O, workss and animate beings in order to bring forth, fix and administer nutrient and the other goods. Socio economic conditions of husbandmans like instruction, caste, size of household, size of land retention, capital stock etc. influence on the agriculture system. The green revolution brought technological discovery to India ‘s farms but the early promises could non be sustained and finally cost increased and husbandmans were forced into a spiral of higher usage of man-made agrochemicals, higher costs, reduced fringy outputs and finally to indebtedness. Farmers and communities faced many socio-economic jobs, peculiarly little husbandmans who found themselves progressively marginalized due to deficiency of entree to external inputs ( Muhammad Asim Yasin 2007 ) 2. Thippeswamy. E* Associate Professor, FMKMC College Madikeri-571201 Kodagu Dr. K.B Rangappa** Deputy Registrar, Davangere University Davangere. Consequently, the farming community was looking for alternate methods to cut down the dependance on dearly-won external inputs and increase the productiveness of agribusiness. At this occasion, the authorities of India and many province authoritiess have initiated programmes to advance the organic agriculture. Organic agribusiness holds the cardinal to rural transmutation and sustainable development in India. More late, the authorities of Karnataka has keener to promote the husbandmans to follow the organic agriculture methods through the organic agriculture programme. In this context the survey has been undertaken to analyze the organic and inorganic agriculture respondents ‘ socio-economic conditions in Shimoga territory of Karnataka. The paper has been presented in four parts i.e. in the first portion debut, aims and methodological analysis in the 2nd portion and followed by the treatment of consequences and decision in the 3rd and 4th parts severally. Aims of the survey The survey has been based on following aims 1. To cognize the construct of organic agriculture 2. To compare the instruction and caste profile of organic and inorganic husbandmans 3. To compare the size of land retentions of the organic and inorganic husbandmans Methodology of the Study This survey is based on both primary and secondary informations. Primary informations have been collected from the 420 respondents during 2011-2012. Of these, 210 respondents are following organic methods and staying 210 respondents are inorganic husbandmans. Pre tested agenda was used to collected information through personal interview. The husbandmans who have been practising organic agriculture for the last three old ages are being selected and collected the information for reappraisal. Farmers who are utilizing merely organic inputs without using inorganic inputs in their agriculture patterns are categorized as organic husbandmans. Those husbandmans who are utilizing inorganic inputs along with organic inputs termed as inorganic husbandmans. Secondary informations have collected from the NGO, Farmers Associations and the Agricultural Department, Government of Karnataka. Consequences and Discussion Concept of Organic agriculture Organic agriculture is a popular signifier of sustainable agribusiness all over the universe and non new to Indian agriculture community. It has really long history even during Vedic period our farming community practiced organic agriculture. Several signifiers of organic agriculture are being successfully practiced in diverse clime, peculiarly in rain Federal, tribal, mountains and hill countries of the state. However, in recent yearss, many good known minds, scientists and economic experts have defined organic agriculture in different ways. There are following Definitions of Organic Farming â€Å" Organic agriculture is a production system which avoids or mostly excludes the usage of synthetically compounded fertilisers, pesticides, growing regulators and farm animal provender additives. To the maximal extent executable, organic agriculture system rely upon harvest rotary motions, harvest residues, carnal manures, leguminous plants, green manure, away farm organic wastes, mechanical cultivations, mineral bearing stones and facets of biological plague control to keep dirt productiveness and tilth, to provide works foods and to command insects, weeds and other plagues † ( USDA,1980 ) 3. This is important one and clearly revealed that organic agribusiness is one of several attacks to sustainable agribusiness and many of the techniques used ( e.g. rotary motion of harvests, double-digging, mulching, integrating of harvests and farm animal ) are practiced under assorted agricultural systems. The Codex Alimentarius Commission ( 1999 ) 4 defined that â€Å" Organic agribusiness is a holistic production direction system which promotes and enhances agro-eco system wellness, including biodiversity, biological rhythm and dirty biological activity. It emphasizes the usage of direction patterns in penchants to the usage of off-farm inputs, taking into history that regional conditions require locally adopted systems. This is accomplished by utilizing, where possible, agronomic, biological and mechanical methods, as opposed to utilizing man-made stuffs, to carry through any specific map within the system † . Therefore basic regulations of organic production are that natural inputs are approved and man-made inputs are prohibited, nevertheless there are some exclusions. Lampkin ( 1994 ) 5 late defined organic agriculture that the purpose is â€Å" to make incorporate, humane, environmentally sustainable production systems, which maximize trust on farm-derived renewable resources and the direction of ecological and biological procedures and interactions, so as to supply acceptable degrees of harvest, farm animal and human nutrition, protection from plagues and disease and an appropriate return to the human and other resources † . From the definitions clearly understand the construct, methods and stuffs are used in organic agriculture and it is merely a polite word for sustainable agribusiness. It is, hence, as a sustainable agribusiness is capable of keeping its productiveness and utility to society over the long tally. It must be environmentally sound, resource conserving, economically feasible and socially supportive and commercially competitory. The Principle purposes of organic production ( Farming ) and Processing The followers are of import purposes of organic production. To bring forth nutrient of high quality in sufficient measure. To interact in a constructive and life-enhancing manner with natural systems and rhythm. To see the wider societal and ecological impact of the organic production and processing system. To promote and heighten biological rhythms within the agriculture system, affecting micro-organisms, dirt vegetations and zoologies, workss and animate beings. To develop a valuable and sustainable aquatic ecosystem. To keep and increase long-run birthrate of dirts. To keep the familial diverseness of the production system and its milieus, including the protection of workss and wild life home grounds. To advance the healthy usage and proper attention of H2O, H2O resources and all life at that place in. To utilize, every bit far as possible, renewable resources in locally organized production systems. To make a harmonious balance between harvest production and carnal farming. To give all farm animal conditions of life with due considerations for the basic facets of their unconditioned behaviour. To minimise all signifiers of pollution. To treat organic merchandises utilizing renewable resources. To bring forth fabrics which are long permanent and of good quality. To let everyone involved in organic production and treating a quality of life which meets their basic demands and allows an equal return and satisfaction from their work, including a safe working environment. To come on towards an full production, processing and distribution concatenation which is both socially merely ecologically responsible ( Source IFOAM, 1998 ) 6. Organic agribusiness in general is a system of harvest and farm animal production that promotes and enhances the wellness of agricultural ecosystems while supplying wellness nutrient and reflects the profound inter relationship that exists between farm biology, its production and the overall environment. It is by and large believed that organic agriculture with its cardinal focal point on keeping and bettering dirt wellness, its turning away of pollutants, and its trust on local inputs and labor could materially progress the economic and ecological wellness. The inorganic agriculture, it is progressively felt, is going unsustainable as evidenced by worsening harvest productivenesss, harm to environment, chemical taints, etc over organic agriculture. The necessity of holding an alternate agribusiness method which can work in a friendly eco-system while prolonging and increasing the harvest productiveness is realized now. Hence, organic agriculture is recognized as the best know option to the inorganic agribusiness. Education Level of Organic and Inorganic Respondents Heads of the household play a critical function in determination devising and other members of the household may supplement the determination devising procedure. Education is a cardinal index of the cognition degree of the respondents which in bend will act upon on the determination doing procedure in the acceptance of farming patterns. Respondents with higher degree of instruction will be the innovators in the acceptance of advanced agriculture patterns. Therefore, informations on the instruction degree of the respondents has been collected and the consequences are given in the tabular array 1. The instruction degree of the respondents has been chiefly classified into four classs viz. nonreaders, respondents with primary, secondary and college instruction. Zone-wise distribution of the organic and inorganic respondents across these different degrees of instruction is given in this tabular array. Table 1 Education degree of Respondents Zone Farming System Education Degree Uneducated Primary Secondary College Entire STZ Organic Farmers 01 ( 1.1 ) 18 ( 20.0 ) 27 ( 30.8 ) 44 ( 48.9 ) 90 ( 100.0 ) Inorganic Farmers 11 ( 12.2 ) 30 ( 33.3 ) 23 ( 25.6 ) 26 ( 28.9 ) 90 ( 100.0 ) Entire 12 ( 6.7 ) 48 ( 26.7 ) 50 ( 27.8 ) 70 ( 38.9 ) 180 ( 100.0 ) Hertz Organic Farmers 02 ( 1.7 ) 25 ( 20.8 ) 42 ( 35.0 ) 51 ( 42.5 ) 120 ( 100.0 ) Inorganic Farmers 16 ( 13.3 ) 62 ( 51.7 ) 27 ( 22.5 ) 15 ( 12.5 ) 120 ( 100.0 ) Entire 18 ( 7.5 ) 87 ( 36.2 ) 69 ( 28.8 ) 66 ( 27.5 ) 240 ( 100.0 ) Overall Organic Farmers 03 ( 1.4 ) 43 ( 20.5 ) 69 ( 32.9 ) 95 ( 45.2 ) 210 ( 100.0 ) Inorganic Farmers 27 ( 12.9 ) 92 ( 43.6 ) 50 ( 23.8 ) 41 ( 19.5 ) 210 ( 100.0 ) Entire 30 ( 7.1 ) 135 ( 32.1 ) 119 ( 28.4 ) 136 ( 32.4 ) 420 ( 100.0 ) Note: Figures in parentheses are per centum to number In the overall zone class, highest per centum of the respondents were holding the instruction up to the college degree ( 32.4 ) and it was followed by the primary ( 32.1 ) and so secondary instruction ( 28.4 ) . Organic respondents found to be holding comparatively higher degree of instruction compared to the inorganic husbandmans. Respondents with college degree of instruction are well more among the organic husbandmans ( 45.2 ) compared to the inorganic husbandmans ( 19.5 ) . Similar difference could be found in the secondary instruction besides. In the uneducated and primary instruction class the per centum of respondents is more among inorganic husbandmans compared to their opposite numbers in the organic husbandmans. Therefore, it could be inferred that the instruction degree of the respondents act upon the acceptance of organic agriculture system. Organic agriculture is more attractive among educated respondents than the uneducated. It is apparent that the educated respondents are more witting about nutrient and agro ecosystem thereby husbandmans with higher degree of cognition adopt the resource conserving and environmental friendly organic agriculture. Furthermore, organic agriculture strategy is more popular among husbandmans who are socially and economically travel frontward in the society. Caste wise Distribution of Respondents Caste is one of the indexs of societal position of an person. It influences on determination doing position of an person. Therefore information has been collected from the respondents about the caste position of their household. The caste of the respondents has been chiefly categorized into three groups SC & A ; ST, OBC and General class. SC & A ; ST are clubbed due to few Numberss of respondents among ST class and SC class chiefly comprises adi Karnataka, bhovi, lambani and others. ST comprises of merely nayaka community people. OBC it includes Lingayath, Okkaligas, Edigas Kuruba, Bhants, Maratas chiefly these community peoples and General chiefly comprises of Brahmins community people. The distribution of organic and inorganic respondents across the different classs is given in the tabular array 2 individually for STZ and besides HZ and pooling of these two indicate overall zone class. In the overall zone class out of 420 entire respondents 300 are found to be belonging to OBC foll owed by 74 are belonging to General and 46 are belonging to SC & A ; ST class. The important characteristic of consequences is that general class respondents histories for higher portion among the organic husbandmans ( 30.9 % ) comparison to their portion is comparatively less in inorganic agriculture group ( 4.3 % ) whereas SC & A ; ST class people histories for higher per centum in the inorganic agriculture ( 17.1 % ) group comparison to the organic agriculture ( 4.3 % ) group. It indicates that the caste is arranged hierarchal order the higher community people more inclination towards organic agriculture compared to the backward people like SC & A ; ST. It is found that higher caste people are more inclination towards the organic agriculture and backward people are still lodging to inorganic agriculture system. The disaggregated consequences for each zones STZ and HZ we can happen about similar form but particularly in hilly zone general class histories for higher in organic husbandmans ( 52.5 % ) whereas general class respondents histories for 5.8 per centum in inorganic respondents in HZ whereas SC & A ; ST respondents found merely in inorganic agriculture non in the organic agriculture. SC & A ; ST histories for 10.8 % of entire inorganic agriculture respondents in hilly zone whereas corresponding figures for organic agriculture is merely 0.8 per centum. In that zone besides there is important association between caste of the respondents and their acceptance degree of organic agriculture. Same is the instance even in the STZ besides. The most of import determination of this consequence is that higher community people more inclina tional towards organic agriculture and backward people like SC & A ; ST still they are practising inorganic agriculture. Thus it is fact that the upper caste people are more awareness about the negative effects of high external input based and unsustainable inorganic farming therefore big proportion of upper caste husbandmans exchanging over to organic agriculture than the lower caste husbandmans. Table 2: Caste wise Distribution of Sample Respondents Zone Respondents Group Caste SC & A ; ST OBC General Entire STZ Organic Farmers 09 ( 10.0 ) 79 ( 87.8 ) 02 ( 2.2 ) 90 ( 100.0 ) Inorganic Farmers 23 ( 25.6 ) 65 ( 72.2 ) 02 ( 2.2 ) 90 ( 100.0 ) Entire 32 ( 17.8 ) 144 ( 80.0 ) 04 ( 2.2 ) 180 ( 100.0 ) Hertz Organic Farmers 01 ( 0.8 ) 56 ( 46.7 ) 63 ( 52.5 ) 120 ( 100.0 ) Inorganic Farmers 13 ( 10.8 ) 100 ( 83.4 ) 07 ( 5.8 ) 120 ( 100.0 ) Entire 14 ( 5.8 ) 156 ( 65.0 ) 70 ( 29.2 ) 240 ( 100.0 ) Overall Organic Farmers 10 ( 4.8 ) 135 ( 64.3 ) 65 ( 30.9 ) 210 ( 100.0 ) Inorganic Farmers 36 ( 17.1 ) 165 ( 78.6 ) 09 ( 4.3 ) 210 ( 100.0 ) Entire 46 ( 11.0 ) 300 ( 71.4 ) 74 ( 17.6 ) 240 ( 100.0 ) Note: Figures in parentheses are per centum to number Land Holding of the Respondents In rural economic system, land is one of the of import socio-economic indexs. Size of land keeping influences the cropping form, farming patterns and acceptance of modern engineering. Data relating to the size of land retentions has been collected from the respondents. On the footing of the size of land retentions the sample respondents have been loosely categorized into little husbandmans ( & lt ; 2 hectares ) and big husbandmans ( & gt ; 2 hectare ) . The frequence distribution of respondents across the different land keeping class is presented in the tabular array 3. In the overall size class, 52.4 per centum of respondents are in little size class and the staying 47.6 per centum are in big class. Well higher per centum of organic respondents ( 56.2 % ) is in the big size retentions compared to the inorganic respondents ( 39.1 % ) . Small size of keeping is comparatively more among the inorganic respondents ( 60.9 % ) compared to the organic respondents ( 43.8 % ) . Large husbandmans are comparatively more disposition towards the organic agriculture compared to the little husbandmans. It is apparent that the big husbandmans are holding more disposition toward the organic agriculture compared to the little class of husbandmans. In both hill zone and southern passage zone comparatively higher per centum of organic husbandmans are in the big size of retentions compared to the opposite numbers in the inorganic class and the comparatively higher per centum of inorganic husbandmans are in the little size of the keeping compared to their counter parts i n the organic class in both the zones. Though the big husbandmans are more inclination towards organic agriculture in both STZ and HZ it is more glowering in hilly zone. Table 3: Distribution of Respondents across the Size of Land Holding Zone Respondents Group Land Holding Pattern Small Large Entire STZ Organic Farming 38 ( 42.2 ) 52 ( 57.8 ) 90 ( 100.0 ) Inorganic Farming 50 ( 55.6 ) 40 ( 44.4 ) 90 ( 100.0 ) Entire 88 ( 48.9 ) 92 ( 51.1 ) 180 ( 100.0 ) Hertz Organic Farming 54 ( 48.9 ) 66 ( 55.0 ) 120 ( 100.0 ) Inorganic Farming 78 ( 65.0 ) 42 ( 35.0 ) 120 ( 100.0 ) Entire 132 ( 55.0 ) 108 ( 45.0 ) 240 ( 100.0 ) Overall Organic Farming 92 ( 43.8 ) 118 ( 56.2 ) 210 ( 100.0 ) Inorganic Farming 128 ( 60.9 ) 82 ( 39.1 ) 210 ( 100.0 ) Entire 220 ( 52.4 ) 200 ( 47.6 ) 420 ( 100.0 ) Note: Figures in parentheses are per centum to number Decision Organic agriculture is known to successful direction of resources for agribusiness to fulfill the altering human demands while keeping or heightening the quality of environment and conserving natural resources. Hence organic agriculture is one of the several attacks found to run into the aims of sustainable agribusiness and which is capable of keeping its productiveness and utility to society over the long tally. Organic agriculture is authorities sponsored programme in Karnataka through which authorities has been given assorted sorts of subsidies to the organic husbandmans. The survey revealed that the husbandmans who have been adopted the organic agriculture are higher degree of instruction and belonging to higher caste. Thus organic farming strategy in Karnataka is more advantageous to the husbandmans who are educationally frontward, higher caste and big size of land retentions. Hence, the impact of organic agriculture is found to be benefited to the husbandmans who are already so cially and economically frontward but marginalized the husbandmans socially and economically rearward in the society.

Welcome speech for annual day

Every morning when I put on my Head Girl badge, I am reminded of the responsibility, challenges and leadership I entail. Although Yr 12 is often described as hectic, for me it has been a year of great discoveries. Where I have learnt from positive and negative experiences, learnt about myself and my peers, and gained the acquired knowledge I will need to carry on for the beginning of my adult life. When I think of the Student Council team this year, I see a group of passionate young adults who can work together in making positive changes throughout the school.Their strength, enthusiasm and positivity has been refreshing and assisted us through the years' hurdles. My experiences at Leeming Senior High School have shaped me into the Year 12 Student I am today and I thank the teachers, students and school for all they have contributed. â€Å"Ability is nothing without opportunity' I have been given countless opportunities to enhance my leadership skills and workshop my passion for dram a. I have attended various leadership camps such as the Sir Charles CourtLeaders Program in 2009 and the Amanda Young Leaders Eco-Summit in 2010. Both these camps not only taught me how to develop my leadership qualities but also bring these skills out into the community, and especially our school. My involvement in the annual school productions, ‘Summer of the Aliens' in 2009, ‘Ziggy's Bar – A Cabaret' in 2010 and this year's ‘A Dream Deferred'; can be characterised by the words: magical, emotional and at times, life changing. IVe come to believe the truth is the most valuable gift you can share with other people.Who you are and what you do is priceless. Sharing my experiences and leadership with the rest of LSHS, the class of 2011 and eventually the rest of the world, has and is one of my goals. My stories. My truths. So that we may all come to understand each other a little better. So that we may all find our own definition of what it means to be successf ul. So that our generation will be prepared to lead. I leave you with one last quote from Nelson Mandela, â€Å"Sometimes it falls upon a generation to be great. You can be that generation. â€Å"

Communities & Ecosystems Food Web Poster Assignment

Communities & Ecosystems Food Web Poster - Assignment Example While saprotrophs helps in speeding up decomposition of matter, they act like detritivores but decomposition of matter by saprotrophs happens externally as opposed to detritivores that consume dead organism (Begon et al 326). Food web describes a collection of food chains. Food web shows different organism depending on more than one organism. This because some organisms such as owl as shown above on food web do not rely on one source of food like grasshoppers that only eats grass. Tropical levels are different levels in the food chain where organisms are categorized into either producers or consumers. This level depicts the transfer of energy from one level to another level. There are different levels in a food chain. For example, in a food chain above, first level comprises of producers, second level are herbivorous that feeds on plants. The next level is carnivorous which depends on herbivorous. Highest level is carnivorous that eats other small carnivorous owl is an example (Rastogi and Kishore 72). The first energy comes from the sun where it is used by plants to make food hence generating energy. The nutrient made from a plant through photosynthesis keeps plants alive. Energy is transferred to herbivorous as the first consumers of plants. The transfer of energy goes on up to the last of tertiary consumers. All energy from the sun is not used by the plant. When herbivorous consume plant to gain energy not all the plant nutrients are used to create energy, some are lost through passing out of feces. Herbivorous uses the energy gained from food consumption, but some energy is lost through respiration and heat loss (Rastogi and Kishore 75). The shape of pyramid varies as it rises to the top based on the fact that energy is lost from one level to another as stated above. From the food web above, not all grass is eaten by grasshopper to gain all energy transferred from the sun through photosynthesis. Energy

Insolvency and the Recent Changes in the European Union to Question Essay

Insolvency and the Recent Changes in the European Union to Question Whether the Main Aim Is To Maximize the Collective Returns to Credit - Essay Example The researcher states that there have been some interesting changes to Insolvency law in the EU and subsequently in the UK to give more power to the Creditor. The aim, unlike other regulations, is to not to protect the consumer but to let the creditor maximize the collective returns to credit.   In most circumstances regime shopping within the EU is frowned upon, because there needs to be equality and protection for both parties under the law; however with insolvency law this does not seems to be the case in cross-border insolvency cases, especially with the definition of the centre of the debtor’s main interest (COMI). This concept of COMI has been used to allow the more powerful creditor to choose the regime that best suits their needs to maximize their return on credit. In the US insolvency law seems to more geared towards the creditor regaining their money back, because in good faith they have lent it out. Jackson argues that the assets of the individual should be pooled together and divided amongst the creditors on the strict economic basis to maximize the return of credit to the creditor. This would mean that the laws that offer this maximization of credit should be applied, even if there are different jurisdictions because the debt crosses state or international borders. Therefore this will be illustrated as the approach taken by the EU in regard to the new trans-border insolvency regulations, rather than individual actions for each creditor in differing jurisdictions. The enforcement of individual creditors needs versus the individual debtor's needs is the soft approach that the UK system of law takes and NOT in the best interests of creditors because they should be able to get the maximum return of credit because they are already a loss. Jackson argues this hard economic approach, rather than an approach that considers the interests of the debtor. This is fair because the creditor in good faith has lent this money to the debtor expecting its r eturn; therefore in the case that this is not possible the maximization of this return should be available.

Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management - Case Study Example In other words change management tries to reduce the impacts on the employees of the organization and ensures to avoid disruption. Therefore the companies which successfully implements change in their system of operation are successful and on the contrary those who could not execute it properly remain at the flipside. The report will highlight on the rationale for which the company is making changes in its existing system of conducting business. The report will also try to draw attention to on the specific changes which are undertaken by Virgin Blue. Apart from that the report will also use Kotter’s eight step change model to showcase change management process. Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Introduction 4 Why Virgin is changing 5 Changes in Virgin 7 Kotter Eight step model 9 Conclusion 14 References 15 Bibliography 17 Introduction Business environment is turbulent and organizations are not only making frequent changes to their operations but also making changes which are complex in nature. Change is the most essential characteristic for an effective management (Hussey, 2000, p.1). Change management is defined as the structured approach for modifying the organizations current situation to a preferred situation in the future. Change management is considered important for various reasons i.e. a number of issues influences the need for change. The major changes include technological change, change in customer tastes, alteration in the rules and regulations of the government, issues related to industrial relationship, competition changes, changes in leadership and a cluster of different other changes which either affects the growth of the organization or improves survival opportunity and expansion of the organization (A. Mills, Dye & J. Mills, 2008, p.10). In order to conduct or assess the positive impacts of chang e management in an organization Virgin blue the Australian air transport company has been chosen. The chosen company is a part of the renowned virgin group. The company arrived in the Australian market during the early 2000. They entered the Australian aviation industry and from then onwards they have given stiff completion to other players. The first flight of the company was DJ214 from Brisbane to Sydney during august 2000 (Virgin Australia, n.d.). They have principally focused on the leisure sector of the industry. The company has repositioned itself during the mid of 2011 with the launching of virgin Australia (Virgin Australia, n.d.). The company also achieved plenty of acclamation to its name. So in order to remain in the long run the company is also focusing on the changes to its current state. Why Virgin is changing A change in organization is a risky activity as organizations sometime fails or do not realize the proposed results. There are number of factors which are consid ered by the company to undergo changes in their existing system. Some of the reasons that Virgin blue has considered for making changes in their organization are as follows:- Declining market share – With the struggling economy there were huge losses of job and slow growth of economy. In such situations there are very less leisure travels and people tend to cut down their cost on luxury spending. Leisure travelling is one activity which gets hampered. Therefore it was necessary to make changes in their current state in order to strengthen the financial condition of the company. The changes which need to be undertaken are strictly based on current market situation. Strengthen Position in the corporate market – One of the strongest reason for which the company considered to implement changes in their

Freud and Psychoanalysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Freud and Psychoanalysis - Research Paper Example ace-time matrix of the Freudian dream clearly reflects that mind is the part of human being in which body is the spatial restriction and limitation of human mind. Obviously mind can go beyond this limitation through his capability of imagination. In the book, â€Å"Studies on Hysteria† Freud and Breuer (1893) recognize the physicality and bodily experience as a contribution to the development of personality. But this approach of Freud and Breuer (1893) to body and mind, though it resembles to that of Damasio’s (1992), differs from the neurobiological approach on the ground that though both mind and personality are shaped by bodily feeling, Freud and Breuer’s (1895; 1895) concept of mind does not acknowledge the role of the organic function of human brain to the development of mind. According to them the physical feelings like trauma are stored in human mind first in the form of memory of a foreign entity and then in the form of an agent that determines his future functions of body and mind. Freud’s theory of personality primarily evolves from his approach to the concept of mind. As a theorist, Freud (1916) crucially depends on the structural existence of human mind that is more or less detached from physiological existence of human being. Irrespective of the relationship of mind with human body, the physical existence, Freud’s â€Å"mind† closely follows a structural pattern that effectively explains the different questions -regarding the relationship of mind with various behavioral pattern of a person- of the psychoanalysts of his age. In comparison with the German Philosopher Mauss’s collective notion of â€Å"person† which changes from time to time and society to society, Freud’s concept of ‘person’ appears to be an intact one that is supposed to function universally (Ziegler, 2002, p. 81). But Freud’s theory of personality that exclusively revolves around a person’s body apparently fails to explai n the relationship between body and mind that